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(No Model.)

A. W. MORGAN. BIT STOCK.

No.355,276. I Patented Dec. 28,1886.

WITNESSES I INVENTOR flflu (fly-"ed Wild 0136272 I 04. W fllozyan (f Son Attorneys,

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UNITED STATES PATENT Fries.

BIT-STOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. dated December 18.36

Application filed June 19, 1886. Serial No. 205,673. (No model.)

GAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Washington, District of Columbia, have in- Vented, certain new and useful Improvements in Bit-Stocks; and I do declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and t0 the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

The object of this improvement is a reversible bit-stock that can be provided with a suitable bit and efficiently applied to driving screws in or withdrawing the same fromwood or other material, or that may be provided with suitable jaws and used as a wrench for applying nuts to or withdrawing them from bolts, or that may be provided with an auger and used for boring holes in wood, or with suitable bits, and used for drilling holes in metal, either in the manner of a ratchet mechanism or as a reversible movement. These results are attained by the means illustrated in the drawings herewith filed as a part hereof, in which the same letters of reference denote the same parts in the different views.

Figure l is a side elevation representing a device embodying the'features of myimprovement, Fig. 2 is a sectional detail representation. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional detail representation. Fig. 4 is a representation of one of the parts inverted. Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical sectional representation of the part illustrated in Fig. 2.

A is a spirally-grooved spindle or drivingshaft, provided at its upper end with a roundedand screw-threaded part, A, and at its lower end with a rounded part, A and at the inner end thereof with a square shoulder, a, as shown in Fig. 3. I

B is a ratchet-plate provided with a central opening corresponding in size to the shoulder a of the shaft A, to which it is rigidlysecured by any suitable means.

B is a sleeve provided with circular lateral extensions 12 b, and secured to the rounded part A of the shaft A by riveting or clinching its end against the body of. the sleeve B,

or by other suitable means, substantially as shown in Fig. 3.

1? represents a bit-clutching device of ordinary construction and operation, the screwthreaded parts of which may be made integral with the sleeve B.

C is a bearing-plate articulated to the spin dle by means of a stirrup or frame, D, having an eye, d, which fits over the screw-threaded rounded part of and bears on a shoulder of the spindle A, to which the frame is secured by a nut, E. The end of the rounded part A of the spindle is adapted by a suitable finish to enter a socket, O, of the bearing-plate O, for the double purpose of forming an additional bearing for the plate Gand securingit's proper relative position with the spindle A.

F F is an operatinghandle for the spindle or driving-shaft A, to which the interior of the part F is made to conform, as fully shown in Figs. 2 and 5, for a purpose hereinafter fully explained.

G is a pawlprovided with an integral square shoulder, G, and an operating-handle or projection, G", which may be affixed to or made integral with the pawl. The pawl is held in position by the insertion of its lower end into a socket made in the lateral extension bof the sleeve B, and its upper end, into a perforation in the sleeve lateral extension I). The position of the pawl is additionally secured by the spiral actuating-spring H, the upper-end of which bears against the shoulder G and the lower end against a washer, h, which fits the body of the pawl snugly and rests on the lat- 7 eral extension b of the sleeve 13. The diameter of the pawl-socket in the part b and the perforation in the part b are the same, in order that both may be made by the same drill at one operation. The part of the pawl below the square shoulder G is made less in diame ter than the part 9 inserted into the perforation in the sleeve-extension b, and is also cut away at an inclination, as shown in'Fig. 3, in order that it may befixed in its position, as shown, by setting its lower end into the socket and lowering the pawl into the same at an inclination suificient to make its upper end, 9, clear the sleeve-extension b, and allow the same to be inserted into the perforation made for its reception. The sleeve B is provided with an integral lug adjacent to the shoulder G of the pawl for engaging therewith and securing the adjustments of the pawl, as hereinafter set forth.

By moving the operating-handle F F up or down on the spindle A, the latter and the ratchet B, fixed thereto, will be made to rotate by reason of the interior ribs or curves of the part F engaging with and moving through the grooves of the spindle A, during which operation the bit-clutching mechanism will revolve or remain stationary, according to the adj ustment of the pawl G. I

When the pawl G is adjusted as shown in Fig. 1, and the movement of the operatinghandle is toward the bearing-plate C, the pawl will clear the ratchet-plate B, and the sleeve B and bit-clutching mechanism will remain stationary and the spindle A will rotate toward the left side of the operator. When the movementis toward the bit end of the spindle, the pawl will engage the ratchet-plate B and cause the sleeve and bit-clutching mechanism to rotate in the same direction as the spindle, asindicated by the arrow in Fig. 1, which is the proper movement for driving screws or applying bolts to nuts, or boring holes in wood by means of an auger-bit.

By lowering the pawl Gr sufficiently to clear the shoulder G of the lug on the body of the sleeve B it may be given a quarter or half revolution. A quarter-revolution will give it the adjustment shown in Fig. 3, which will cause it to engage the ratchet-plate B and lock the position of the sleeve B, and cause it to rotate with thespindle A in both directions of its movement. This is the proper adjustment for using the device as a reversible movement for drilling holes in metal. By adjusting the pawl so that the side of its shoulder G (shown in Fig. 3) will set against the lug on the sleeve B a directly rev'erse action of the parts to that first described will be obtained, as when the operating-handle is moved toward the bitclutching mechanism the spindle will rotate toward the right side of the operator and the bit-clutching mechanism will remain stationary, and when the operating-handle is moved toward the bearing-plate 0 both the spindle and bit-clutching mechanism will rotate toward the left side of the operator. This is the proper adjustment and movement forwithdrawing screws or nuts from bolts.

By setting the operating-handle against the ratchet-plate B, when the pawl is adjusted as last stated, it may be used as a lever for starting nuts or screws that are tightin their places, from rust or other causes, as the ratchet-plate will prevent the operating-handle from turn-l ing on the spindle, and by setting it against the frame D, having first suitably adjusted the pawl, it may be used as alever for tightening nuts or screws in their places, as the frame D will prevent the operating-handle from turning on the spindle. The mechanism may be efiiciently applied to driving or withdrawing screws in or from corners, or where it would be entirely impracticable to use an ordinary bit and brace or a ratchet-brace and bit.

By moving the operating-handle against the ratchet-plate B, andproviding the bit-clutching mechanism with a left-hand drill-bit, the

- device can be used as a ratchet-drill for cutting holes in metal, and by moving the operatinghandle to the opposite end of the spindle against the frame D the device can be used as a ratchet-drill with an ordinary drill-bit, provided that a proper motion of the parts is se cured by a suitable adjustment of the pawl, as hereinbefore explained.

Having explained the features of my improvement, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

The combination of the spirally-grooved spindle, the ratchet-plate fixed thereto, the sleeve loose upon the spindle and adapted to support a bit-clutch, the adjustable pawl fixed to the spindle-sleeve for engaging or clearing the ratchet-plate fixed to the spindle and causing the movement of the sleeve and bitclutch simultaneously with the spindle, or allowing the same to remain stationary during the movement of the spindle, and the operating-handle having an internal conformation to the grooves of the spindle for engaging the sides of the grooves and causing the spindle to be rotated when the handle is moved, substantiall y as specified, for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ALFRED WHITE MORGAN.

\Vitnesses v THOS. E. MORGAN, G. W. BALLOCH. 

